ENR 1.5 HOLDING, APPROACH AND DEPARTURE PROCEDURES
1 General
1.1 The holding, approach and departure procedures in use are based on those contained in the latest edition of ICAO Doc 8168 – OPS/611 – Procedures for Air Navigation Services – Operations (PANS – OPS).
1.2 The holding and approach procedures in use have been based on the values and factors contained in the PANS – OPS (Doc 8168). The holding patterns shall be entered and flown as indicated below.
1.3 Terminal holding procedures
1.3.1 Holding patterns:
See current Flight Procedure Charts for details.
1.3.2 Entry procedure:
The entry into the holding patterns shall be in accordance with the three-sector entry procedure as prescribed in ICAO Doc 8168.
1.3.3 Rate of turn:
All turns are to be made at a bank angle of 25° or at a rate of 3° per second, whichever requires the lesser bank.
1.3.4 Holding speeds:
Holding patterns shall be entered and flown at or below the following indicated airspeeds. The speed of 520km/h (280kt) reserved for holding in turbulence conditions shall only be used after approval from ATC is obtained.
| Flight level (FL) | Normal conditions | Turbulence conditions |
|---|
Helicopters up to 1 830 M (6 000 FT) inclusive | 185 KM/H (100 KT) | |
Up to 4 250 M (14 000 FT) inclusive | 315 KM/H (170 KT)⁴ | 315 KM/H (170 KT)⁴ |
Above 4 250 M (14 000 FT) to 6 100 M (20 000 FT) inclusive | 445 KM/H (240 KT)⁵ | 520 KM/H (280 KT) or 0.8 Mach whichever is less ³ |
Above 6 100 M (20 000 FT) to 10 350 M (34 000 FT) inclusive | 490 KM/H (265 KT)⁵ |
Above 10 350 M (34 000 FT) | Mach 0.83 | Mach 0.83 |
1. The levels tabulated represent altitudes or corresponding flight levels depending upon the altimeter setting in use |
2. When the holding procedure is followed by the initial segment of instrument approach procedure promulgated at a speedhigher than 425 KM/H (230 KT), the holding should also be promulgated at this higher speed wherever possible. |
3. See item 1.3.1.4 (Doc 8168 - Vol 2) "Aircraft holding at 520 KM/H (280 KT)/ 0.8 Mach". |
4. For holdings limited to Cat A and B aircraft only and Cat H above 1 830 M (6 000 FT). |
5. Wherever possible, 520 KM/H (280 KT) should be used for holding procedures associated with airway route structures. |
1.3.5 Outbound timing
Outbound timing shall be one minute up to and including FL 140 and one minute thirty seconds above FL 140.
2 Arriving Flights
2.1 IFR flights entering and landing within a terminal control area will be cleared to a specified holding point and instructed to contact approach control at a specified time, level or position. The terms of this clearance shall be adhered to until further instructions are received from approach control. If the clearance limit is reached before further instructions have been received, holding procedure shall be carried out at the level last authorized.
2.2 Due to the limited airspace available, it is important that the approaches to the patterns and the holding procedures be carried out as precisely as possible. Pilots are strongly requested to inform ATC if for any reason the approach and/or holding cannot be performed as required.
2.3 At the main airports in Viet Nam where often there are training flights of military and civil aircraft, pilots are advised to pay great attention and strictly follow the tower instructions.
3 Departing Flights
3.1 An ATC clearance will be issued to the departing IFR aircraft whose flight plan has been submitted to the Air Traffic Service Reporting Office at least 60 minutes prior to departure.
3.2 IFR flights departing from controlled aerodromes will receive initial AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL clearance from the local aerodrome control tower. The clearance limit will normally be the aerodrome of destination. IFR flights departing from non-controlled aerodromes must make arrangements with the area control centre concerned prior to take-off.
3.3 Detailed instructions with regard to routes, turns etc, v.v.. will be issued after taking-off.